The History Of Search Engines

When the World Wide Web came into being in thepresence felt and it used statistical analysis of
early 1990s, almost twenty years since theword relations to spot a particular web resource.
'ARPANET/internet' went public, it has thrownIt was followed by Yahoo in 1994, as a website
open the doors to a virtual and vast new worldproviding a listing of its favorite web pages. The
of information, which was both unfathomable andformat of the main link or URL followed by a brief
ever expanding. But, as the number of web pagesdescription of what is in the site was first
and the number of people accessing the internetintroduced by Yahoo. Within a year, funds started
increased, accessing a particular resource fromto flow in, and soon Yahoo became a corporation.
the sea of information became a problem,Lycos, with its prefix matching, relevance
especially in the event of a person not knowingretrieval, and word proximity, announced its entry
the URL of a particular website. Necessity hasonto the webi in almost the same period as
always been the mother of invention; the needYahoo. It was a large search engine and by 1996,
for a tool to search the required resource fromit had indexed over 60 million web pages, the
the millions of pages of information in the Worldbiggest by any search engine of that time. Alta
Wide Web was gravely felt. So what isVista is another search tool that had made
considered to be the first amongst the firstheadlines again in the same period - with
generation of search engines 'Archie' was created.advanced search options and allowing natural
Archie was created by Alan Emtage in 1990 andlanguage inquires. It was also the first to provide
used the directory listings of all files existing in themultimedia search options to find music files,
public anonymous FTP websites to create avideos, and pictures.
searchable database of file names. A year later,Ironic as it may be, the search engine that is
Gopher, which had a similar purpose to Archie, buttouted as the most popular today, Google, came
with text files, was introduced by Mark McCahill atinto existence rather late in the scene in 1997. It
the University of Minnesota. The programs,used inbound links to rank websites, but the
Veronica and Jughead, which followed Gopher,results it produced were widely accepted and in
worked similarly, on plain text files sent viaanother year's time, it became the most sought
Gopher.after search engine in the world. Its nearest
The world of web searches took a decisive turncompetitor, MSN Search, and Open Directory, the
in 1993, when MIT student Matthew Gray madebiggest hand edited catalogue of the web, came
the first robot, the World Wide Web Wanderer. Itinto being in 1998.
was initially meant to count web servers on theAs of now, Google has the greatest number of
World Wide Web, but was later reprogrammed topatrons, followed by Yahoo and MSN.
search URLs as well, thus forming the firstIn the near future, as the scene consolidates, the
website database, Wandex. ALIWEB released innumber of search engines that remain in the race
1993 was also a robot, but with an added featuremay come down to the current top few. But
allowing users to submit their own URLs forthen all will be providing more advanced and
indexing purposes.diverse features alongside searching, and it is the
Web robots are also called web crawlers, webcommon netizens who stand to gain from the
spiders or web wanderers. In its earlier versions, itfinal outcome. After all, this is how product
was criticized for taking too much bandwidth,economics responds to competition!
often leading to a server crash. But the issue wasFinally it should be said, that the number of search
sorted out in later generations.engines that have come and gone without leaving
As the World Wide Web started to growa trace in between, are many. However, only the
phenomenally by the mid 90s, realizing its financialmost significant ones have been mentioned in this
potential, more players began throwing their hatsarticle.
into the ring. Excite was the first to make their